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Performed Exams

Conducting exams in otorhinolaryngology is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment of voice disorders, swallowing problems, and head and neck cancers. Below are the exams performed at our clinic.

Videolaryngostroboscopy
Videolaryngostroboscopy is performed to evaluate the morphophysiopathological structure of the vocal folds using an 8 mm diameter laryngeal telescope with a 70-degree lens. By analyzing the vocal folds’ slow-motion movement triggered by stroboscopic light, we observe the presence or absence of lesions on the vocal cords, as well as assess the disease stage in cases of malignant laryngeal tumors (cancer).

References: Bento, R.F. et al., OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY. Based on Signs and Symptoms – OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY FOUNDATION, São Paulo, 2011.

Videofibrolaryngoscopy
Videofibrolaryngoscopy is performed to assess the morphophysiopathological structure of the vocal folds using a 3.1 mm diameter fibroscope inserted through the nasal cavities. This exam allows observation of the pathophysiological aspects of the nasal cavities, pharyngeal structures, and larynx, as well as detecting lesions on the vocal cords and evaluating the stage of malignant laryngeal tumors (cancer).

References: Bento, R.F. et al., OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY. Based on Signs and Symptoms – OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY FOUNDATION, São Paulo, 2011.

Videofluoroscopic Swallowing Study (VFSS)
The videofluoroscopic swallowing study is considered the “gold standard” for evaluating patients with swallowing disorders (dysphagia). It plays a significant role in the qualitative assessment of swallowing, with clearly defined clinical parameters through protocols. Exams are performed at the clinic offering patients food boluses dyed with edible blue aniline, in liquid, thickened liquid, pasty, and solid consistencies, simulating a meal.

References: JOTZ G.P.; Carrara-de-Angelis, E.; Barros, A.P.B. TREATISE ON SWALLOWING AND DYSPHAGIA – Adult and Child. REVINTER Publishing, Rio de Janeiro, 2009.

JOTZ G.P.; Carrara-de-Angelis, E. DYSPHAGIA. Clinical and Surgical Approach – Child, Adult, and Elderly. ELSEVIER Publishing, Rio de Janeiro, 2017.

Videorhinoscopy
Videorhinoscopy evaluates the morphophysiopathological structure of the nasal cavities using a 2.0 mm diameter nasal telescope inserted through the nasal vestibule. This exam allows observation of benign and malignant lesions affecting the nasal cavities, as well as the presence of secretions and infections.

References: Bento, R.F. et al., OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY. Based on Signs and Symptoms – OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY FOUNDATION, São Paulo, 2011.

Videotalescopy of the Larynx
Videotalescopy of the larynx is conducted using an 8 mm diameter laryngeal telescope with a 70-degree lens to assess the morphophysiopathological structure of the vocal folds. The exam aims to detect lesions on the vocal cords and evaluate the disease stage in cases of malignant laryngeal tumors (cancer).

References: Bento, R.F. et al., OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY. Based on Signs and Symptoms – OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY FOUNDATION, São Paulo, 2011.

Computerized Voice Analysis
A perceptual-auditory and computerized voice analysis is performed in the Voice Laboratory. During sustained vowel emission and pre-selected phrases by the speech therapist, values such as fundamental frequency, jitter (% and absolute), shimmer (% and dB), PPQ, APQ, VTI, and NHR are measured. These values are obtained during the sustained emission of the vowel /a/, at habitual intensity, considering a phonation time of 3 seconds for analysis.

References: JOTZ G.P., Doctoral Thesis, 1997; VARGAS A.C. et al., Rev CEFAC, São Paulo, 2005.

Laryngeal Electromyography (Performed by Neurophysiologist)
This exam evaluates electrophysiologically the function of the superior and inferior laryngeal nerves through the electrical activity of the muscles they innervate, in patients with dysphonia and incomplete vocal fold closure during phonation, as well as the assessment of possible neural lesions affecting the vagus nerve or laryngeal nerves.

References: JOTZ G.P. et al., NEUROANATOMY – Clinical and Functional. ELSEVIER Publishing, Rio de Janeiro, 2017.