Performed Exams

Performed Exams

Performing exams in otorhinolaryngology is crucial for the accurate diagnosis and effective treatment of voice disorders, swallowing problems, and head and neck cancers. Below are the exams performed at our clinic.

Videolaryngostroboscopy
Videolaryngostroboscopy is performed to evaluate the morphophysiopathological structure of the vocal folds using an 8 mm diameter laryngeal telescope with a 70-degree lens. By analyzing the slow-motion movement of the vocal folds triggered by stroboscopic light, we observe the presence or absence of lesions on the vocal cords and assess the disease stage in cases of malignant laryngeal tumors (cancer).

References: Bento, R.F.; Voegels, R.L.; Sennes, L.U.; Pinna, F.R.; JOTZ G.P. OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY. Based on Signs and Symptoms – OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY FOUNDATION, São Paulo, 2011.

Videofibrolaryngoscopy
Videofibrolaryngoscopy is performed to evaluate the morphophysiopathological structure of the vocal folds using a 3.1 mm diameter fibroscope inserted through the nasal cavities. This exam allows observation of the physiopathological aspects of the nasal cavities, pharyngeal structures, and larynx, as well as detecting lesions on the vocal cords and assessing the stage of malignant laryngeal tumors (cancer).

References: Bento, R.F.; Voegels, R.L.; Sennes, L.U.; Pinna, F.R.; JOTZ G.P. OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY. Based on Signs and Symptoms – OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY FOUNDATION, São Paulo, 2011.

Videoendoscopy of Swallowing
Videoendoscopy of swallowing is considered the “gold standard” exam for evaluating patients with swallowing disorders (dysphagia). It plays a significant role in the qualitative assessment of swallowing, with clearly defined clinical parameters through protocols. Exams are conducted at the clinic, offering patients food boluses dyed with edible blue aniline in liquid, thickened liquid, pasty, and solid consistencies, simulating a meal.

References: JOTZ G.P.; Carrara-de-Angelis, E.; Barros, A.P.B. TREATISE ON SWALLOWING AND DYSPHAGIA – Adults and Children. REVINTER Publishing, Rio de Janeiro, 2009.

JOTZ G.P.; Carrara-de-Angelis, E. DYSPHAGIA. Clinical and Surgical Approach – Children, Adults, and Elderly. ELSEVIER Publishing, Rio de Janeiro, 2017.

Videorhinoscopy
Videorhinoscopy is performed to evaluate the morphophysiopathological structure of the nasal cavities using a 2.0 mm diameter nasal telescope inserted through the nasal vestibule. This exam allows observation of benign and malignant lesions affecting the nasal cavities, as well as the presence of secretions and infections.

References: Bento, R.F.; Voegels, R.L.; Sennes, L.U.; Pinna, F.R.; JOTZ G.P. OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY. Based on Signs and Symptoms – OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY FOUNDATION, São Paulo, 2011.

Videolaryngoscopy
Videolaryngoscopy is performed to evaluate the morphophysiopathological structure of the vocal folds using an 8 mm diameter laryngeal telescope with a 70-degree lens. This exam aims to detect lesions on the vocal cords and assess the disease stage in cases of malignant laryngeal tumors (cancer).

References: Bento, R.F.; Voegels, R.L.; Sennes, L.U.; Pinna, F.R.; JOTZ G.P. OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY. Based on Signs and Symptoms – OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY FOUNDATION, São Paulo, 2011.

Computerized Voice Analysis
A perceptual-auditory and computerized voice analysis is performed in the Voice Laboratory. During sustained vowel phonation and pre-selected phrases by the speech therapist, parameters such as fundamental frequency, jitter (% and absolute), shimmer (% and dB), PPQ, APQ, VTI, and NHR are measured. These values are obtained during sustained emission of the vowel /a/ at habitual intensity, considering a phonation time of 3 seconds for analysis.

References: JOTZ G.P. Laryngeal configuration, perceptual-auditory, and computerized voice analysis of institutionalized male children. Doctoral Thesis, 1997.

VARGAS A.C.; Costa A.G.; Hanayama E.M. Rev CEFAC, São Paulo, v.7, n.1, 108-16, 2005.

Laryngeal Electromyography (Performed by Neurophysiologist)
This exam electrophysiologically evaluates the function of the superior and inferior laryngeal nerves through the electrical activity of the muscles they innervate, in patients with dysphonia and incomplete vocal fold closure during phonation, as well as assessing possible neural lesions involving the vagus nerve or laryngeal nerves.

References: JOTZ G.P.; Marrone, A.C.H.; Stefani, M.A.; Bizzi, J.J.; Aquini, M.G. CLINICAL AND FUNCTIONAL NEUROANATOMY. ELSEVIER Publishing, Rio de Janeiro, 2017.